Profesor Titular de Universidad
- ResearchGate
- Google Scholar
- ORCID
- Twitter: @alexleverkus
- Collaborative seeding vs planting experiment: @seedvsplant
Intereses de investigación
Las principales líneas de investigación de Alexandro son la ecología de perturbaciones (principalmente incendios), el manejo forestal, la regeneración vegetal y la conservación y restauración de los servicios ecosistémicos. Está realizando estudios de campo y de revisión (meta-análisis) para evaluar cómo múltiples perturbaciones –como incendios, plagas y la tala- pueden afectar de forma conjunta a la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos y alterar las comunidades de plantas. Estudia las interacciones entre plantas y animales que afectan la regeneración y colonización vegetales, así como la regeneración a través de rebrote, germinación y plantación a lo largo de gradientes ambientales naturales y antropogénicos. Uno de sus principales intereses actuales es cómo el método utilizado para la regeneración asistida de la encina (sembrar o plantar) puede condicionar su establecimiento y supervivencia ante el cambio climático.
Parcelas de investigación tras el incendio de Las Peñuelas en 2017, en el Parque Natural de Doñana
Bellota de encina previa a su recolección para un experimento de siembra
Experimento sobre la regeneración de Quercus ante el cambio climático
Divulgación y Prensa
- Guía para la siembra de bellotas
- Dispositivo para proteger bellotas de depredadores en las siembras
- Necesidad de planificar reforestaciones para evitar incendios
- Oportunidad para restaurar ecosistemas tras incendios
Publicaciones
- 2022:
- Leverkus, A.B., Thorn, S., Lindenmayer, D.B., Pausas, J. (2022). Tree planting goals must account for wildfires. Science 376:588–9.
- Viljur et al., 2022. The effect of natural disturbances on forest biodiversity: an ecological synthesis. Biological Reviews (en prensa). DOI: 10.1111/brv.12876
- 2021:
- Leverkus, A.B. et al., 2021. Restoring oak forests through direct seeding or planting: Protocol for a continental-scale experiment. PLoS ONE (en prensa)
- Leverkus, A.B. & Castro, J., 2021. Restoration of Mediterranean forest ecosystems after major disturbances: The Lanjarón post-fire experiment over 15 years of succession. In: Zamora R. & Oliva M., eds. The Landscape of Sierra Nevada: A unique laboratory of global processes. Springer (en prensa)
- Zamora, R. et al. (author position 4/8) 2021. Concluding notes: Ecosystems of Sierra Nevada in the Anthropocene: a new cocktail of species and ecological interactions. In: Zamora R. & Oliva M., eds. The Landscape of Sierra Nevada: A unique laboratory of global processes. Springer (en prensa)
- Juan-Ovejero et al. (author position 3/5) 2021. Decadal effect of post-fire management treatments on soil carbon and nutrient concentrations in a burnt Mediterranean forest. For. Eco. Manage. 498: 119570 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119570
- Gustafsson L et al. (author position 3/6) 2021. Disturbance interval modulates the starting point for vegetation succession. Ecology 102: e03439 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3439
- Leverkus A.B. et al., 2021. Environmental policies to cope with novel disturbance regimes –steps to address a world scientists’ warning to humanity”. Environmental Research Letters 16: 021003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abdc5a
- Leverkus A.B., et al., 2021. Resilience impacts of a secondary disturbance: Meta-analysis of salvage logging effects on tree regeneration. Journal of Ecology 109:3224–3232 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13581 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13581
- Leverkus. A.B., Navarro, F.B. 2021. One size fits some (serie EcoPics). Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 19: 333
- Leverkus A.B. et al., 2021. Seeding or planting to revegetate the world’s degraded land: Systematic review and experimentation to address methodological issues. Restoration Ecology 29:e13372
- Martínez-Baroja et al. (posición autor 5/9) 2021. Caching territoriality and site preferences by a scatter-hoarder drive the spatial pattern of seed dispersal and affect seedling emergence. J. Ecol. 109: 2342-2353
- Gustafsson, L., Granath, G., Nohrstedt, H.Ö., Leverkus, A.B., Johansson, V. (2021) Burn severity and soil chemistry are weak drivers of early vegetation succession following a boreal mega-fire in a production forest landscape. Journal of Vegetation Science 32: e12966 https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12966
- 2020:
- Leverkus, A.B., Crawley, M.J. (2020) Temporal variation in effect sizes in a long-term, split-plot field experiment. Ecology 101:e03009 https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3009
- Leverkus, A.B., Gustafsson, L., Lindenmayer, D.B., Castro, J., Rey Benayas, J.M., Ranius, T. & Thorn, S. (2020) Salvage logging effects on regulating ecosystem services and fuel loads. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 18:391-400 https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2219
- Leverkus, A.B., Thorn, S., Lindenmayer, D.B., Pausas, J. (2020) Wildfire debate needs science, not politics. Science 370:416-17 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf1326
- Leverkus, A.B., Buma, B., Wagenbrenner, J., Lingua, E., Marzano, R., Burton, P., Thorn, S. (2020) Tamm review: Does salvage logging mitigate subsequent forest disturbances? Forest Ecology and Management 481:118721 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118721
- Thorn, S., Chao, A., Georgiev, K.B., Müller, J., Bässler, C., Campbell, J.L., Castro, J., Chen, Y.-H., Choi, C.-Y., Cobb, T.P., Donato, D.C., Durska, E., Macdonald, E., Feldhaar, H., Fontaine, J.B., Fornwalt, P.J., María, R., Hernández, H., Hutto, R.L., Koivula, M., Lee, E.-J., Lindenmayer, D., Mikusiński, G., Obrist, M.K., Perlík, M., Rost, J., Waldron, K., Wermelinger, B., Weiß, I., Żmihorski, M., Leverkus, A.B. (2020) Estimating retention benchmarks for salvage logging to protect biodiversity. Nature Communications 11:4762 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18612-4
- Thorn, S., Seibold, S., Leverkus, A.B., Michler, T., Müller, J., Noss, R.F., Stork, N., Vogel, S., Lindenmayer, D.B. (2020). The living dead –acknowledging life after tree death to stop forest degradation. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 18:505-512 https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2252
- Leverkus, A.B., Rey Benayas, J.M., Solís, P., Sierra, J.M. (2020) Enabling conditions for the implementation and conservation outcomes of a private nature reserve. Ecological Solutions and Evidence 1:e12019 https://doi.org/10.1002/2688-8319.12019
- 2019
- Martínez-Baroja, L., Pérez-Camacho, L., Villar-Salvador, P., Rebollo, S., Quiles, P., Gómez-Sánchez, D., Molina-Morales, M., Leverkus, A.B., Castro, J. & Rey-Benayas, J.M. (2019) Massive and effective acorn dispersal into agroforestry systems by an overlooked vector, the Eurasian magpie (Pica pica). Ecosphere, 10:e02989 https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2989
- Molinas-González, C. R., Castro, J., González-Megías, A., Leverkus, A.B. (2019) Effects of post-fire deadwood management on soil macroinvertebrate communities. Forests 10:1046 https://doi.org/10.3390/f10111046
- Thorn, S., Müller, J., Leverkus, A.B. (2019) Preventing future forest diebacks. Science 365:1388 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz3476
- Rebollo, S., et al. (posición autor 7/19) (2019) Servicios de la avifauna (high mobile link species) en mosaicos agroforestales: regeneración forestal y regulación de plagas. Ecosistemas 28:32–41 https://doi.org/10.7818/ECOS.1736
- Löf, M. et al. (posición autor 4/8) (2019) Tamm Review: Direct seeding to restore oak (Quercus spp.) forests and woodlands. Forest Ecology and Management 448:474–489 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.06.032
- Leverkus, A.B., García Murillo, P., Jurado Doña, V., García Pausas, J. (2019) Wildfire: Opportunity for restoration? Science 363:134-135 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw2134
- Thorn, S. Leverkus, A.B., Thorn, C.J., Beudert, B. (2019). Education and knowledge determine preference for bark beetle control measures in El Salvador. Journal of Environmental Management 232:138-144 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.032
- Castro, J., Leverkus, A.B. (2019). Effect of herbaceous layer interference on the post-fire regeneration of a serotinous pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) across two seedling ages. Forests 10:art74 https://doi.org/10.3390/f10010074
- Müller J, Noss R, Thorn S, Bässler C, Leverkus AB, Lindenmayer D. 2019. Increasing disturbance demands new policies to conserve intact forest. Conservation Letters 12:e12449 https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12449
- 2018:
- Leverkus, A.B., Thorn, S., Gustafsson, L. & Lindenmayer, D.B. (2018). Salvage logging in the world’s forests: Interactions between natural disturbance and logging need recognition. Global Ecology and Biogeography 27:1140-1154 https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12772
- Leverkus, A.B., et al. (21 autores). (2018). Salvage logging effects on regulating and supporting ecosystem services – A systematic map. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 48:983-1000 https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2018-0114
- Thorn, S. et al. (posición autor 18/28). 2018. Impacts of salvage logging on biodiversity – a meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Ecology 55:279-289 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12945
- 2017:
- Leverkus, A.B., Jaramillo-López, P.F., Brower, L.P., Lindenmayer, D.B., Williams, E.H. 2017. Mexico’s logging threatens butterflies. Science 358:1008 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar3826
- Leverkus, A.B., Carrión, M., Molina-Morales, M., Castro, J. 2017. Effectiveness of diesel as a mammal repellent for direct seeding of acorns. Forests. 8:276 https://doi.org/10.3390/f8080276
- Molinas-González, C., Castro, J., Leverkus, A.B. 2017. Deadwood decay in a burnt Mediterranean pine reforestation. Forests 8:158. https://doi.org/10.3390/f8050158
- Leverkus, A.B., Castro, J. 2017. An ecosystem services approach to the ecological effects of salvage logging: Valuation of seed dispersal. Ecological Applications 27:1057-1063 https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1539/full
- Molinas-González, C., Leverkus, A.B., Marañón-Jiménez, S., Castro, J. 2017. Fall rate of burnt pines across an elevational gradient in a Mediterranean mountain. European Journal of Forest Research 136:401-409 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-017-1040-9
- Castro, J., Molina-Morales, M., Leverkus, A.B., Martínez-Baroja, L., Pérez-Camacho, L., Villar-Salvador, P., Rebollo, S., Rey Benayas, J.M., 2017. Effective nut dispersal by magpies (Pica pica L.) in a Mediterranean agroecosystem. Oecologia 184:183-192 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-017-3848-x
- 2010-2016:
- Leverkus, A.B. 2016. Regeneración post-incendio de la encina mediante procesos naturales y asistidos y valoración económica de los servicios ecosistémicos. Ecosistemas 25:121-127 https://doi.org/10.7818/ECOS.2016.25-3.15
- Leverkus, A.B., Rey Benayas, J.M., Castro, J., 2016. Shifting demographic conflicts across recruitment cohorts in a dynamic post-disturbance landscape. Ecology 97:2628-39 https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1527
- Leverkus A.B., Castro J., Delgado-Capel M., Molinas-Gonzales C., Pulgar M, Marañón-Jiménez S., Delgado-Huertas A., Querejeta, J.I. 2015. Restoring for the present or restoring for the future: Enhanced performance of two sympatric oaks (Quercus ilex and Quercus pyrenaica) above the current forest limit. Restoration Ecology 23:936-946 https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12259
- Castro J., Leverkus A.B., Fuster F. 2015. A new device to foster oak forest restoration via seed sowing. New Forests 46:919-929 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-015-9478-4
- Leverkus A.B., Rojo M., Castro J. 2015. Habitat complexity and individual acorn protectors enhance the post-fire restoration of oak forests via seed sowing. Ecological Engineering 83:276-280 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.06.033
- Leverkus A.B., Lorite, J., Navarro, F., Pérez Sánchez-Cañete, E., Castro J. 2014. Post-fire salvage logging alters species composition and reduces cover, richness, and diversity in Mediterranean plant communities. Journal of Environmental Management 133:323-331 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.12.014
- Leverkus A.B., Castro J., Puerta-Piñero C., Rey-Benayas J.M. 2013. Suitability of the management of habitat complexity, acorn burial depth, and a chemical repellent for post-fire reforestation of oaks. Ecological Engineering 53:15-22 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.01.003
- Castro J., Puerta-Piñero C., Leverkus A.B., Moreno-Rueda G., Sánchez-Miranda A. 2012. Post-fire salvage logging alters a key plant-animal interaction for forest regeneration. Ecosphere 3:90 https://doi.org/10.1890/ES12-00089.1
- Leverkus A.B., Puerta-Piñero C., Guzmán J.R., Navarro J., Castro J. 2012. Post-fire salvage logging increases management costs and reduces seedling survival in a Mediterranean mountain ecosystem. New Forests 43:601-613 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-012-9327-7
- Puerta Piñero C., Sánchez-Miranda A., Leverkus A., Castro J. 2010. Management of burnt wood after fire affects post-dispersal acorn predation. Forest Ecology and Management 260:345-352 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.04.023
- Otras publicaciones con revision por pares (selección)
- Castro J. et al. 2015. In: Herrero A., Zavala M.A. (eds). Los Bosques y la Biodiversidad frente al Cambio Climático: Impactos, Vulnerabilidad y Adaptación en España. MAGRAMA, ISBN 978-84-491-0038-3. Madrid, pp. 595 – 694.
- Leverkus A.B. et al. 2015. Environmental Evidence 4:16 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-015-0042-7
- Leverkus A.B., et al. 2014. Ecosistemas 23:48-54 https://doi.org/10.7818/ECOS.2014.23-2.07
- Castro J., Leverkus A.B. 2013. En: Martínez Ruiz C., et al. (Eds.) Avances en la restauración de sistemas forestales. SECF-AEET. ISBN: 978-84-937964-6-4. Madrid, pp. 27- 34.
- Leverkus A.B., et al. 2013. En: Martínez Ruiz C., et al. (Eds.) Avances en la restauración de sistemas forestales. SECF-AEET. ISBN: 978-84-937964-6-4. Madrid, pp. 35- 40.
Patentes
- Castro, J., Leverkus, A.B. (Inventores). Protector de semillas ante depredadores. Patente # P201690010, concedida 24/01/2017, país de prioridad: España (con PCT). Explotada comercialmente por Grupo Sylvestris.
- Castro, J., Leverkus, A.B. (Inventores). Protector de semillas ante depredadores. Patente # P201331441, concedida 23/07/2014, país de prioridad: España (con PCT). Explotada comercialmente por Grupo Sylvestris.
Proyectos de investigación en curso
- RESTAURAción de bosques y sistemas agroforestales mediterráneos: Implicaciones del método de reforestación (plantación vs. siembra directa) bajo gradientes de estrés amBIENtal (RESTAURABIEN)(RTI2018-096187-J-100). Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades. IP de proyecto de la convocatoria 2018 de “Proyectos de I-D Retos Investigación”, modalidad “JIN”. IP: Alexandro B Leverkus. 2019-2022.
- Efectos individuales e interactivos de multiples factores de estrés sobre la regeneración post-incendio (SR18/1376). British Ecological Society. IP: Alexandro B Leverkus. 2019-2020.
- Thematic center on mountain ecosystem & remote sensing, deep learning-AI e-services University of Granada-Sierra Nevada. ERIC LifeWatch; Programa Operativo Plurirregional FEDER. IP: Regino Zamora. 2021-2023.
- Estabilidad y resiliencia de Comunidades Ecológicas: Cambio Global, perturbaciones múltiples y efectos sobre la biodiversidad (B-FQM-366-UGR20). Universidad de Granada/ FEDER. IP: MA Muñoz. 2021-2023
- Nuevas técnicas para la regeneración asistida de la dehesa II (PP.AVA.AVA2019.004). IFAPA Andalucía/ FEDER. IP: F Navarro Reyes. 2019-2022.